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    Products    Torsion spring
    Specification     All line diameter of Ø0.1 ~ Ø3.0mm
    Used wire rod    SWPB (Piano line)
   SUS304WPB (Stainless line)
   SUS316WPB (Non-magnetic Stainless line)
   PBW (Phosphor bronze line)
   BeCuW (Beryum bronze line) , PEW (Enamel bronze line)
    Vertical elasticity coefficient E   Free angle
    Line diameter d   Gunning angle
    Outer diameter Do   Weight P
    Central diameter Dm   Moment M
    Inner diameter Di   Spring constant K
    Total tendril Nt   Index rate C
     Free length L   Stress amendment coefficient k'
     Fixed length a2   Bending stress
    Gunning length a1   Tension strength
For case of a1 + a2 >= 0.09 * * Dm * Nt
  Spring coefficient calculation :
    K = G * / (3667* Dm * Nt) + 389 (a1 + a2)
   Spring moment calculation :  M = K * -
    Spring weight calculation : P = K * (L - l)
    Stress :  = k' * 32 * M /   * d ³
    Stress amendment coefficient : k' = (4 * C ² - C-1) / 4 * C * (C-1)
For case of a1 + a2 < 0.09 * * Dm * Nt
  When Spring constant is calculated,
delete the 389 (a1 + a2) value of the above fomula.